// TODO - remove this at some point.
// I haven't gotten around to testing or working with this API yet and I don't
// want it to clog the warnings yet.
#![allow(dead_code)]

use crate::syn::ast::SpExpr;
use crate::{
    syn::{span::Span, words::Scope},
    vm::inst::Inst,
};
use std::cell::RefCell;
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
use std::fmt::{self, Display};
use std::rc::{Rc, Weak};

pub type Str = String;
pub type Int = i64;
pub type Float = f64;
pub type VTable = HashMap<String, Value>;

// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Quote
// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/// A handle to a quote pointing to an element in a `QuoteTable`.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Quote(usize);

impl Quote {
    pub fn index(&self) -> usize {
        self.0
    }
}

/// A table of compiled quotes, their expression trees, and their spans.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
pub struct QuoteTable {
    table: Vec<(Span, Scope, Vec<SpExpr>, Vec<Inst>)>,
}

impl QuoteTable {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Default::default()
    }

    pub fn insert(
        &mut self,
        span: Span,
        scope: Scope,
        quote: Vec<SpExpr>,
        compiled: Vec<Inst>,
    ) -> Quote {
        let next = Quote(self.table.len());
        self.table.push((span, scope, quote, compiled));
        next
    }

    pub fn get(&self, quote: Quote) -> &(Span, Scope, Vec<SpExpr>, Vec<Inst>) {
        &self.table[quote.0]
    }
}

// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Value
// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum Value {
    Array(Vec<Value>),
    Float(Float),
    Int(Int),
    Str(Str),
    Quote(Quote),
    ObjPtr(ObjPtr),
}

impl Value {
    pub fn name(&self) -> &str {
        use Value::*;
        match self {
            Array(_) => "array",
            Float(_) => "float",
            Int(_) => "int",
            Str(_) => "str",
            Quote(_) => "quote",
            ObjPtr(_) => "object",
        }
    }
}

impl Display for Value {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        use Value::*;
        match self {
            Array(_) => write!(fmt, "[array]"),
            Float(f) => write!(fmt, "{}", f),
            Int(i) => write!(fmt, "{}", i),
            Str(s) => write!(fmt, "{}", s),
            Quote(q) => write!(fmt, "[quoted value #{}]", q.index()),
            ObjPtr(o) => write!(fmt, "[object #{}]", o.slot()),
        }
    }
}

// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Obj
// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ObjPtr {
    arena: Weak<RefCell<Arena>>,
    slot: usize,
}

impl ObjPtr {
    pub fn slot(&self) -> usize {
        self.slot
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Default)]
pub struct Obj {
    vtable: VTable,
}

impl Obj {
    pub fn new(vtable: VTable) -> Self {
        Self { vtable }
    }

    pub fn vtable(&self) -> &VTable {
        &self.vtable
    }

    pub fn vtable_mut(&mut self) -> &mut VTable {
        &mut self.vtable
    }
}

// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Arena
// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Arena {
    slots: Vec<SlotRange>,
    slots_dirty: bool,
    objects: BTreeMap<usize, Obj>,
    max_size: Option<usize>,
}

impl Arena {
    pub fn new(max_size: Option<usize>) -> Self {
        Arena {
            slots: vec![SlotRange::Open(0)],
            slots_dirty: false,
            objects: Default::default(),
            max_size,
        }
    }

    /// Compress the slots in the arena.
    ///
    /// This will:
    /// 1. Sort all slots by their starting position,
    /// 2. Merge all slots where necessary.
    pub fn compress_slots(&mut self) {
        use SlotRange::*;
        self.slots.sort_by(|a, b| match (a, b) {
            (Range(s1, _), Range(s2, _)) => s1.cmp(s2),
            (Open(o1), Open(o2)) => o1.cmp(o2),
            (Range(_, _), Open(_)) => std::cmp::Ordering::Less,
            (Open(_), Range(_, _)) => std::cmp::Ordering::Greater,
        });
        let mut slots: Vec<SlotRange> = Vec::with_capacity(self.slots.len());
        for slot in &self.slots {
            match slot {
                // Remove invalid slots
                Range(start, end) if start > end => continue,
                _ => {}
            }
            if let Some(last) = slots.last().copied() {
                if let Some(merged) = last.try_merge(slot) {
                    slots.pop();
                    slots.push(merged);
                } else {
                    slots.push(*slot);
                }
            } else {
                slots.push(*slot);
            }
        }
        self.slots = slots;
        // Make sure to indicate that slots available are not dirty.
        self.slots_dirty = false;
    }

    /// Creates a shared pointer for an Obj value, using the next available slot.
    ///
    /// If no slot is available, None is returned.
    pub fn alloc_obj(self_rc: &Rc<RefCell<Self>>, obj: Obj) -> Option<ObjPtr> {
        use SlotRange::*;

        let mut self_mut = self_rc
            .try_borrow_mut()
            .expect("could not get arena mutably from Rc pointer");
        // Compress if necessary
        if self_mut.slots_dirty {
            self_mut.compress_slots();
        }
        if self_mut
            .max_size
            .map(|max_size| self_mut.objects.len() >= max_size)
            .unwrap_or(false)
        {
            // TODO : return err instead of option
            // Could not allocate a new object because of configuration
            return None;
        }

        // Get the next slot
        let slots = &mut self_mut.slots;
        let slot = match slots.first().copied().unwrap() {
            Range(start, end) => {
                if start == end {
                    slots.remove(0);
                } else {
                    slots[0] = Range(start + 1, end);
                }
                start
            }
            Open(index) => {
                slots[0] = Open(index + 1);
                index
            }
        };
        let previous = self_mut.objects.insert(slot, obj);
        assert!(
            previous.is_none(),
            "slot {} was allocated but is already in use",
            slot
        );
        Some(ObjPtr {
            arena: Rc::downgrade(self_rc),
            slot,
        })
    }

    pub fn free_obj(&mut self, obj_ptr: ObjPtr) {
        // Compress if necessary
        if self.slots_dirty {
            self.compress_slots();
        }
        let value = self.objects.remove(&obj_ptr.slot);
        assert!(
            value.is_some(),
            "attempted to free object that was not tracked (slot {})",
            obj_ptr.slot
        );
        self.slots
            .push(SlotRange::Range(obj_ptr.slot, obj_ptr.slot));
        self.slots_dirty = true; // not my problem
    }
}

// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Slots
// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum SlotRange {
    /// A list of slots that are in a range, exclusive.
    ///
    /// If the range start and end are equal, then it is a single opening.
    Range(usize, usize),
    /// Everything from here and onward is open.
    Open(usize),
}

impl SlotRange {
    /// Try to merge this range with another range.
    ///
    /// If these ranges don't overlap one another, then None is returned.
    ///
    /// If a range is open, while the other is closed, the open range will take
    /// precedent over the closed range.
    ///
    /// If both ranges are open, the smaller range is given precedent.
    pub fn try_merge(&self, other: &SlotRange) -> Option<SlotRange> {
        use SlotRange::*;
        match (self, other) {
            (Range(s1, e1), Range(s2, e2)) if (e1 + 1) >= *s2 => {
                let start = s1.min(s2);
                let end = e1.max(e2);
                Some(Range(*start, *end))
            }
            (Range(s, e), Open(o)) | (Open(o), Range(s, e)) => {
                if s <= o && (e + 1) >= *o {
                    Some(Open(*s))
                } else if s >= o {
                    Some(Open(*o))
                } else {
                    None
                }
            }
            (Open(o1), Open(o2)) => Some(Open(*o1.min(o2))),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_slot_range_merge() {
    use SlotRange::*;
    let tests = [
        (Range(0, 4), Range(0, 5), Some(Range(0, 5))),
        (Range(1, 4), Range(0, 5), Some(Range(0, 5))),
        (Range(0, 4), Range(1, 5), Some(Range(0, 5))),
        //
        (Range(0, 5), Range(0, 3), Some(Range(0, 5))),
        (Range(0, 5), Range(1, 3), Some(Range(0, 5))),
        (Range(1, 5), Range(0, 4), Some(Range(0, 5))),
        //
        (Range(0, 4), Open(4), Some(Open(0))),
        (Range(1, 4), Open(4), Some(Open(1))),
        (Range(2, 4), Open(4), Some(Open(2))),
        //
        (Range(0, 3), Range(4, 4), Some(Range(0, 4))),
        (Range(0, 4), Range(6, 6), None),
        //
        (Range(0, 4), Range(2, 2), Some(Range(0, 4))),
    ];

    for (a, b, expected) in tests {
        assert_eq!(
            a.try_merge(&b),
            expected,
            "expected merge of {:?} and {:?} to be {:?}",
            a,
            b,
            expected
        );
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_arena_compress_slots() {
    use SlotRange::*;
    let tests = [
        (vec![Range(0, 4), Range(2, 6), Open(0)], vec![Open(0)]),
        (vec![Open(7), Range(0, 4), Range(2, 6)], vec![Open(0)]),
        (
            vec![Open(8), Range(0, 4), Range(2, 6)],
            vec![Range(0, 6), Open(8)],
        ),
        (vec![Range(0, 4), Range(2, 6)], vec![Range(0, 6)]),
        (vec![Range(0, 4), Range(2, 6)], vec![Range(0, 6)]),
        (
            vec![Range(0, 1), Range(2, 2), Range(3, 4)],
            vec![Range(0, 4)],
        ),
        (
            vec![Range(0, 4), Range(3, 4), Range(2, 2)],
            vec![Range(0, 4)],
        ),
        (
            vec![Range(3, 6), Range(0, 4), Range(2, 2)],
            vec![Range(0, 6)],
        ),
        (vec![Range(0, 6), Range(6, 6)], vec![Range(0, 6)]),
        (vec![Range(7, 6), Range(6, 6)], vec![Range(6, 6)]),
        (
            vec![Range(0, 0), Range(1, 1), Range(2, 2)],
            vec![Range(0, 2)],
        ),
        (
            vec![Range(0, 0), Range(1, 1), Range(2, 2), Open(3)],
            vec![Open(0)],
        ),
    ];

    for (slots, expected) in tests {
        let mut arena = Arena {
            slots,
            slots_dirty: true,
            objects: Default::default(),
            max_size: None,
        };
        arena.compress_slots();
        assert_eq!(arena.slots, expected);
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_arena_obj_lifetime() {
    let arena = Rc::new(RefCell::new(Arena::new(None)));

    let p1 = Arena::alloc_obj(&arena, Obj::default()).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(arena.borrow().slots, vec![SlotRange::Open(1)]);
    let p2 = Arena::alloc_obj(&arena, Obj::default()).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(arena.borrow().slots, vec![SlotRange::Open(2)]);
    let p3 = Arena::alloc_obj(&arena, Obj::default()).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(arena.borrow().slots, vec![SlotRange::Open(3)]);

    {
        let mut arena_mut = arena.borrow_mut();
        arena_mut.free_obj(p2);
        arena_mut.compress_slots();
        assert_eq!(
            arena_mut.slots,
            vec![SlotRange::Range(1, 1), SlotRange::Open(3)]
        );
    }

    let p4 = Arena::alloc_obj(&arena, Obj::default()).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(arena.borrow().slots, vec![SlotRange::Open(3)]);

    {
        let mut arena_mut = arena.borrow_mut();
        arena_mut.free_obj(p1);
        arena_mut.free_obj(p3);
        arena_mut.free_obj(p4);
        arena_mut.compress_slots();
        assert_eq!(arena_mut.slots, vec![SlotRange::Open(0)],);
    }
}